FRASA DAN KLAUSA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

Frasa (phrase) dalam bahasa Inggris merupakan gabungan dari kata yang bisa saja terdiri dari kata nomina dan kata verba namun tidak memiliki subjek yang sedang melakukan sesuatu melalui kata verba. Contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:

• Leaving behind the dog.
• Smashing into a fence.
• Before the first test.
• After the devastation.
• Between ignorance and intelligence.
• Broken into thousands of pieces.
• Because of her glittering smile.

Pada contoh di atas , terdapat kata nomina (dog, fence, test, devastation, ignorance, intelligence, thousands, pieces), dan kata verba (leaving, smashing), namun kata nomina tidak berfungsi sebagai subjek yang sedan melakukan kegiatan sesuai dengan kata verba.

Sedangkan klausa (clause) merupakan gabungan dari kata yang memiliki subjek melakukan sesuatu sesuai dengan kata verba. Contohnya adalah sebagai berikut:

• Since she laughs at diffident men.
• I despise individuals of low character.
• When the saints go marching in.
• Obediah Simpson is uglier than a rabid raccoon.
• Because she smiled at him.

CONTOH SUBJEK TUNGGAL DAN JAMAK DALAM BAHASA INGGGRIS

Subjek dalam bahasa Inggris dapat berupa tunggal atau jamak (lebih dari satu). Kata pengganti sunjek tunggal terdiri atas I (am), He/Se (is), It (is); sedangkan kata ganti subjek jamak terdiri atas You (are), They (are), dsb. Berikut adalah contoh dari subjek tunggal dan jamak:

• Subjek Tunggal:

1. The dog barked at the hospital.
2. The ball was kicked by the boy.
3. Rianti wears glasses.
4. Meri goes to Japan.
5. The zebra was eaten by lions.
6. He buys a new phone.
7. I am reading this article now.
8. She was in my dream last night.
9. The book is on the table.
10. The English teacher cancelled class today.
11. She walks to the market.
12. He plays a music.
13. The teacher is angry at Hendri, Mikel, and Fajri.
14. The ceetah chasing the impala.
15. John is driving a car.
16. Bandung is celebrating its local festival.
17. She studies English with her children.
18. He needs some pens for his students.
19. Budi likes boats.
20. Jono bought a cake.
21. Julian was driving a new car.
22. Diana loves English.
23. Chandra bought a new laptop yesterday.
24. Dedi goes to the library.
25. I like to study math in the mornings.
26. She loves her baby.
27. He eats rice with chopsticks.
28. Tamara liked her new house.
29. Harry just bought his new Nimbus 2000.
30. Rasmono opens and locks the window.
31. Yanto writes poems and stories.
32. I made dinner.
33. I usually add lime on my meat ball soup.
34. She saw John at the movie last night.
35. My father drives an old car.
36. He wants to drink some water.
37. John bought a new laptop yesterday.
38. He sent me his pictures.
39. My sister cut herself.
40. That arrogant man is very proud of himself.
41. Marini began to write a poem.
42. The boy hasn’t admitted stealing my calculator.
43. My cousin build a school in rural area.
44. I love chocolate.
45. David met Lucy yesterday.
46. I put the orange cat into the garden.
47. My daughter is a wrestler.
48. The professor swigged coffee.
49. Gus dropped the iPad.
50. Mr. Buck donated a wishbone to the Museum of Natural History.
51. The drummer hurled his sticks at the crowd.
52. Gus smashed the electric guitar with a sledge hammer.
53. Felix stunned the dragon with a ray gun.
54. Thomas gave his pen to Benji.
55. Vera drove to the mission with Ted.
56. She comes in your house without permission.
57. I love her since that day, the first day we met.
58. I allow you to go with her.
59. Please sit near them. I will be back to this room soon.
60. I always go to school after having breakfast.
61. She is hiding behind them.
62. My mother always puts the pan at the kitchen counter.
63. In class today, Mrs. Han explain the history of North Korea.
64. Marcus is waiting under the banana tree.
65. Please give those mangos to Marissa.
66. The postman leave the letter in front of the door 
67. She is admiring Indonesian culture.
68. I put the balloons above the ceiling.
69. Save me from this devil circle.
70. I thought this decision is the best for us.
71. He gave a lot of good ideas during the meeting.
72. I will go to Medan with my family.
73. I am really into dancing.
74. She just got a bad news from her brother.
75. I don’t believe these rumours.

• Subjek jamak:

1. Real Madrid bought Cristiano Ronaldo for 80 million poundsterling.
2. We are playing football.
3. We love this game.
4. We visited the museum before it closed.
5. They order a hamburger and fries.
6. Julia and Perez teach kids in kindergarten because they love them.
7. We need lime to reduce soil acidity.
8. Plants absorb water and nutrients from soil.
9. We will invite them.
10. The doctors have decided to operate the patient.
11. We need to go out to buy some food.
12. We saw the man whose house my brother built.
13. The children are tired.
14. The girls hurled stones.
15. This is one small step for us to accomplish our dream.
16. The bull sharks can also live in the river system.
17. Because the bull sharks spawn it eggs in the river.
18. You should not eating and drinking too much sugar.
19. You have talked so much about her secrets.
20. There are the secrets between us only.
21. They display the paintings without completely finishing.
22. Our office is around the hospital.
23. The children jumped over the gate.
24. We fight against corruption.

FUNGSI BESERTA CONTOH SUBJEK DAN OBJEK DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

Subjek dalam Bahasa Inggris merupakan kata atau frasa yang menjadi komponen utama yang dapat didefinisikan sebagai who atau what dalam kalimat. Subjek dalam kalimat berlaku sebagai pelaku, pokok bahasan, atau penyebab perbuatan.

Sementara, objek bukanlah suatu komponen yang harus terdapat dalam suatu kalimat. Suatu kalimat dapat terdiri hanya atas subjek dan predikat namun objek dapat melengkapi suatu kalimat menjadi lebih baik. Objek berfungsi sebagai penerima tindakan yang dilakukan oleh subjek baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.

Berikut adalah contoh subjek dan objek dalam kalimat sederhana:

1. The dog barked at the hospital.
2. The ball was kicked by the boy.
3. Rianti wears glasses.
4. Meri goes to Japan.
5. The zebra was eaten by lions.
6. He buys a new phone.
7. I am reading this article now.
8. She was in my dream last night.
9. The book is on the table.
10. That new, red car is John’s.
11. The English teacher cancelled class today.
12. She walks to the market.
13. He plays a music.
14. Real Madrid bought Cristiano Ronaldo for 80 million poundsterling.
15. The teacher is angry at Hendri, Mikel, and Fajri.
16. The ceetah chasing the impala.
17. We are playing football.
18. John is driving a car.
19. Bandung is celebrating its local festival.
20. She studies English with her children.
21. We love this game.
22. He needs some pens for his students.
23. Budi likes boats.
24. Jono bought a cake.
25. Julian was driving a new car.
26. Diana loves English.
27. Chandra bought a new laptop yesterday.
28. Dedi goes to the library.
29. I like to study math in the mornings.
30. She loves her baby.
31. He eats rice with chopsticks.
32. Tamara liked her new house.
33. Harry just bought his new Nimbus 2000.
34. Rasmono opens and locks the window.
35. Yanto writes poems and stories.
36. We visited the museum before it closed.
37. They order a hamburger and fries.
38. I made dinner.
39. Julia and Perez teach kids in kindergarten because they love them.
40. We need lime to reduce soil acidity.
41. I usually add lime on my meat ball soup.
42. Plants absorb water and nutrients from soil.
43. She saw John at the movie last night.
44. My father drives an old car.
45. He wants to drink some water.
46. John bought a new laptop yesterday.
47. We will invite them.
48. He sent me his pictures.
49. My sister cut herself.
50. That arrogant man is very proud of himself.
51. The doctors have decided to operate the patient.
52. We need to go out to buy some food.
53. Marini began to write a poem.
54. The boy hasn’t admitted stealing my calculator.
55. My cousin build a school in rural area.
56. I love chocolate.
57. David met Lucy yesterday.
58. I put the orange cat into the garden.
59. We saw the man whose house my brother built.
60. My daughter is a wrestler.
61. The children are tired.
62. The girls hurled stones.
63. The professor swigged coffee.
64. Gus dropped the iPad.
65. Mr. Buck donated a wishbone to the Museum of Natural History.
66. The drummer hurled his sticks at the crowd.
67. Gus smashed the electric guitar with a sledge hammer.
68. Felix stunned the dragon with a ray gun.
69. Thomas gave his pen to Benji.
70. Vera drove to the mission with Ted.
71. This is one small step for us to accomplish our dream.
72. She comes in your house without permission.
73. The bull sharks can also live in the river system.
74. Because the bull sharks spawn it eggs in the river.
75. You should not eating and drinking too much sugar.
76. I love her since that day, the first day we met.
77. I allow you to go with her.
78. Please sit near them. I will be back to this room soon.
79. You have talked so much about her secrets.
80. I always go to school after having breakfast.
81. She is hiding behind them.
82. My mother always puts the pan at the kitchen counter.
83. There are the secrets between us only.
84. They display the paintings without completely finishing.
85. In class today, Mrs. Han explain the history of North Korea.
86. Our office is around the hospital.
87. Marcus is waiting under the banana tree.
88. Please give those mangos to Marissa.
89. The postman leave the letter in front of the door 
90. The children jumped over the gate.
91. She is admiring Indonesian culture.
92. We fight against corruption.
93. I put the balloons above the ceiling.
94. Save me from this devil circle.
95. I thought this decision is the best for us.
96. He gave a lot of good ideas during the meeting.
97. I will go to Medan with my family.
98. I am really into dancing.
99. She just got a bad news from her brother.
100. I don’t believe these rumours.